Michele Camicia

Documentary photographer

Eyes of Trauma

Portraits of Anfal genocide survivors

Diptych portrait of a Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing a dark headscarf. Iraqi Kurdistan.

Anfal genocide, 1986, Iraq. The attention goes to the eyes.

Diptych portrait of a Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing a dark headscarf with a floral trim. Iraqi Kurdistan.
Diptych portrait of a Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing a dark floral headscarf. Iraqi Kurdistan.

Eyes closed… memories, flashbacks, and moments of those years.

Diptych portrait of an elderly Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing a black headscarf. Iraqi Kurdistan.
Diptych portrait of an elderly Kurdish woman who survived the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, in a black headscarf. Iraqi Kurdistan.
Diptych portrait of a middle-aged Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing a dark headscarf. Iraqi Kurdistan.

Eyes open… 35 years have passed, but the pain still lingers.

Diptych portrait of a Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing glasses and a white headscarf. Iraqi Kurdistan.
Diptych portrait of a Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing a patterned dark headscarf. Iraqi Kurdistan.
Diptych portrait of an elderly Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing a white headscarf, a face mask lowered under her chin. Iraqi Kurdistan.
Diptych portrait of a Kurdish survivor of the Anfal genocide, eyes closed and eyes open, wearing glasses and a light headscarf, a face mask lowered under her chin. Iraqi Kurdistan.

About the project

Eyes closed… memories, flashbacks, and moments of those years characterized by military operations and chemical attacks, culminating with the bombing of the city of Halabja where more than 5000 people lost their lives, and even more families were torn apart, forced to flee.

Eyes open… the war against their community is over, 35 years have passed, but the pain still lingers. Physical damage from chemical bombs adds to the much deeper mental struggle carried by survivors.

Subjects in these photos are all Kurdish survivors of the Anfal Campaign, who receive mental health, medical and other support services from Jiyan Foundation for Human Rights. The subjects of these photos volunteered to have their picture taken in an effort to have their story heard by western audiences to call for continued trans-generational mental health and medical support for survivors of genocide, terrorism and violence.

This project has been realized in collaboration with Jiyan Foundation for Human Rights, a nonprofit organization which supports survivors in Kurdistan-Iraq, Iraq and Syria through medical assistance, psychological treatment, specialized trauma therapy as well as legal, educational and social services. Jiyan Foundation operates a network of twelve treatment facilities across Kurdistan-Iraq, Iraq, and Syria that employ more than 200 local professionals with services reaching more than 10,000 people each year.